STD石脑油加氢装置换热器（E 壳体）高温氢腐蚀（HTHA）致碳钢劣化，运行中灾难性破裂爆炸起火
换热器碳钢壳体长期高温氢环境服役发生 HTHA 劣化，行业标准（API RP 941 Nelson 曲线）不足以预防；破裂爆炸致 7 名员工死亡
本卡记录码 STD 即 ISO 14224:2016 功能失效码（描述「设备没做成什么」）。损伤机理（描述「怎么坏的」）见上方对接块。两者是 ISO 14224 的两个不同维度。
fouling_plugging管壁腐蚀减薄 (Corrosion Thinning) corrosion_thinning管壁冲蚀 (Erosion) erosion应力腐蚀开裂 (SCC) scc管振动疲劳断裂 (Flow-induced Vibration Fatigue) flow_induced_vibration_fatigue胀接处泄漏 (Expanded Joint Leak) expanded_joint_leak管板腐蚀 (Tube Sheet Corrosion) tube_sheet_corrosion管孔扩大→胀接松动 (Tube Hole Enlargement) tube_hole_enlargement堆焊层剥离 (Cladding Disbonding) cladding_disbonding隔板泄漏→管程短路 (Partition Leak) partition_leak管箱法兰泄漏 (Channel Flange Leak) channel_flange_leak壳体内部腐蚀/冲蚀 fm壳体裂纹 fm_2折流板腐蚀/磨损→管支撑丧失 fm_3折流板振动疲劳 fm_4疲劳开裂 (Fatigue Cracking) fatigue_cracking腐蚀减薄 fm_5垫片老化/蠕变→泄漏 fm_6垫片安装不当 fm_7螺栓松弛 (Bolt Relaxation) bolt_relaxation螺栓腐蚀 fm_8阀门内漏 fm_9堵塞 fm_10起跳值偏移 fm_11阀座泄漏 fm_12入口管堵塞 fm_13传感器漂移 fm_14接线松动 fm_15管内结垢/堵塞 (Fouling/Plugging) fouling_plugging管壁腐蚀减薄 (Corrosion Thinning) corrosion_thinning管壁冲蚀 (Erosion) erosion应力腐蚀开裂 (SCC) scc管振动疲劳断裂 (Flow-induced Vibration Fatigue) flow_induced_vibration_fatigue胀接处泄漏 (Expanded Joint Leak) expanded_joint_leak管板腐蚀 (Tube Sheet Corrosion) tube_sheet_corrosion管孔扩大→胀接松动 (Tube Hole Enlargement) tube_hole_enlargement堆焊层剥离 (Cladding Disbonding) cladding_disbonding隔板泄漏→管程短路 (Partition Leak) partition_leak管箱法兰泄漏 (Channel Flange Leak) channel_flange_leak壳体内部腐蚀/冲蚀 fm壳体裂纹 fm_2折流板腐蚀/磨损→管支撑丧失 fm_3折流板振动疲劳 fm_4疲劳开裂 (Fatigue Cracking) fatigue_cracking腐蚀减薄 fm_5垫片老化/蠕变→泄漏 fm_6垫片安装不当 fm_7螺栓松弛 (Bolt Relaxation) bolt_relaxation螺栓腐蚀 fm_8阀门内漏 fm_9堵塞 fm_10起跳值偏移 fm_11阀座泄漏 fm_12入口管堵塞 fm_13传感器漂移 fm_14接线松动 fm_152010-08-I-WA · 数据取自 CSB 公开调查结论，由可靠性 AI 整理，仅作可靠性展示用途。 本卡案例来自公开事故调查报告，仅供学习参考，AIM 不背书、不保证其准确性。