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China Accident Investigation
Report No. CN-MEM-2015-08-12
2015
Fire Fire Explosion Explosion
天津港'8·12'瑞海公司危险品仓库特别重大火灾爆炸事故（2015，165 死）
瑞海国际物流有限公司危险品仓库，天津港（国务院事故调查报告）
Related equipment → Storage tank (storage_tank)
165Fatalities
798Injuries
ExplosionMechanism code OTH
⌗Failure Mode · ISO 14224 Mapping
Damage mechanism (recorded in KB)
ExplosionOTH
ISO functional code (as recorded)
ISO 14224:2016 functional failure code
OTH · Other
ISO OTH — Other.
1What Happened
运抵区集装箱内硝化棉湿润剂散失局部干燥→高温积热自燃→相邻硝化棉及危险化学品长时间大面积燃烧→堆放的硝酸铵等发生两次剧烈爆炸（约 450 吨 TNT 当量）
2Root Cause
未批先建、无证违法经营；违规超量储存硝酸铵；违规混存超高堆码；野蛮装卸；未登记重大危险源；培训缺失；应急预案缺失
3Reliability Lessons (from investigation root cause)
- The 'Root Cause' above is the core lesson of this accident; not split further.
4Associated Failure Mechanisms (Keywords)
硝化棉 硝酸铵 自燃 积热 仓库 爆炸 危险品 超量储存 违规混存 野蛮装卸
About the Failure-Mode Code (click to expand)
The recorded code OTH is an ISO 14224:2016 functional failure code (describes what the equipment failed to do). The damage mechanism (how it failed) is shown in the Mapping block above. The two are distinct dimensions in ISO 14224.
5Evidence Source (transparent)
Authority：国务院办公厅 / 国务院天津港'8·12'事故调查组
Official Report：big5.www.gov.cn ↗
Data Verification：verified_url_gov_cn_2026-08-07
↗Related Failure Modes · Traceability