Tap any failure mode → flip to its on-site guidance (pure-CSS, no JS needed on mobile)
Pressure Safety Valve (Relief Device)Pressure Safety Valve (Relief Device)
⚠ ⚠ Top risk: 阀座工艺介质泄漏 · RPN 96 (High) — watch this one first at the equipment
Risk Board (all 15 · by RPN · top 6 highlighted urgent)
Shield: Safety = people/environment　Production = production only
Technical mechanism/mitigation body in Chinese (red line: no fabricated MT; EN UI labels translated)
15Failure Modes
14High/Critical
13Standards
10Real Accidents
Tap any failure mode to flip to its on-site guidance
Device-level standard/accident index (13 standards / 10 accidents)
Standards (13 de-duplicated)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Accident Lessons (10 de-duplicated)
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021 ↗
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
2021-07-I-TXcsb2021 ↗
LyondellBasell La Porte 醋酸装置柱塞阀压力保持件误拆致命泄漏
NUREG-LER-2022-001NUREG2022 ↗
Susquehanna 1 号机 主蒸汽隔离阀阀座磨损泄漏
2010-06-I-GOMcsb2010 ↗
Macondo / Deepwater Horizon Blowout
2014-11-I-TXcsb2014 ↗
DuPont La Porte 甲硫醇经两阀泄漏致命中毒
NUREG-LER-2012-001NUREG2012 ↗
Shearon Harris 1 号机 主蒸汽隔离阀活塞环腐蚀致关闭延迟
CSB-EXXON-TORRANCE-2017CSB2017 ↗
ExxonMobil Torrance 炼厂爆炸
CSB-PEMEX-DEERPARK-2024csb2024 ↗
PEMEX Deer Park 胺回收单元硫化氢泄漏
HSE-POLYMERISATION-1992HSE1992 ↗
1992 聚合反应失控（反应器＋搅拌密封 O 环吹出释放）
HSE-FEYZIN-1966HSE1966 ↗
Feyzin 炼油厂丙烷球罐排水阀冻裂泄漏爆炸（1966，18 死）
FM Traceability Cards (15)
Generated by Reliability AI
阀座工艺介质泄漏RPN 96 · High
Failure Mechanism
阀座划伤或异物卡阻
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 70% ；Re-inspect ≤every24months
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 离线泄漏测试
  • 阀座目视检查
RCM Strategy
CBMOn-Condition Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 30 · Safety/Environmental
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
Root cause: 阀门维护中承压部件被误拆，隔离与作业程序不足导致甲醇大量释放；2 死 30 伤
Official source ↗
2021-07-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 2 · Toxic/Safety
LyondellBasell La Porte 醋酸装置柱塞阀压力保持件误拆致命泄漏
Root cause: 阀门设计未防人误拆（同类事故重复发生）；无拆卸程序与培训；承包商与公司均未识别风险
Official source ↗
NUREG-LER-2022-001NUREG2022Operational
Susquehanna 1 号机 主蒸汽隔离阀阀座磨损泄漏
Root cause: 阀座密封面磨损与材料沉积物致内漏；未能识别阀门劣化趋势
Official source ↗
阀门卡涩（机械卡阻）RPN 72 · Critical
Failure Mechanism
导向面锈蚀/结焦卡阻
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 75% ；Re-inspect ≤every24months
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 在线起跳试验
  • 导向面清洁
RCM Strategy
CBMOn-Condition Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2010-06-I-GOMcsb2010Fatalities 11 · Injuries 17 · Safety/Environmental
Macondo / Deepwater Horizon Blowout
Root cause: Blowout-preventer valve sticking + cement plug failure + missing well-integrity verification.
Official source ↗
2014-11-I-TXcsb2014Fatalities 4 · Toxic/Safety
DuPont La Porte 甲硫醇经两阀泄漏致命中毒
Root cause: 有缺陷的工程设计+缺乏充分防护；管道堵塞排查作业风险识别不足；应急响应混乱
Official source ↗
2021-07-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 2 · Toxic/Safety
LyondellBasell La Porte 醋酸装置柱塞阀压力保持件误拆致命泄漏
Root cause: 阀门设计未防人误拆（同类事故重复发生）；无拆卸程序与培训；承包商与公司均未识别风险
Official source ↗
弹簧松弛整定漂移RPN 63 · High
Failure Mechanism
长期压缩应力致弹簧松弛
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 70% ；Interval by RBI
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 整定压力校验
  • 弹簧自由长检测
RCM Strategy
CBMOn-Condition Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2010-06-I-GOMcsb2010Fatalities 11 · Injuries 17 · Safety/Environmental
Macondo / Deepwater Horizon Blowout
Root cause: Blowout-preventer valve sticking + cement plug failure + missing well-integrity verification.
Official source ↗
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 30 · Safety/Environmental
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
Root cause: 阀门维护中承压部件被误拆，隔离与作业程序不足导致甲醇大量释放；2 死 30 伤
Official source ↗
2021-07-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 2 · Toxic/Safety
LyondellBasell La Porte 醋酸装置柱塞阀压力保持件误拆致命泄漏
Root cause: 阀门设计未防人误拆（同类事故重复发生）；无拆卸程序与培训；承包商与公司均未识别风险
Official source ↗
阀盖泄漏RPN 60 · Medium
Failure Mechanism
螺栓力矩不足或垫片失效
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 65% ；Interval by RBI
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 螺栓扭矩复核
  • 结合面检漏
RCM Strategy
CBMOn-Condition Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2014-11-I-TXcsb2014Fatalities 4 · Toxic/Safety
DuPont La Porte 甲硫醇经两阀泄漏致命中毒
Root cause: 有缺陷的工程设计+缺乏充分防护；管道堵塞排查作业风险识别不足；应急响应混乱
Official source ↗
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 30 · Safety/Environmental
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
Root cause: 阀门维护中承压部件被误拆，隔离与作业程序不足导致甲醇大量释放；2 死 30 伤
Official source ↗
2021-07-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 2 · Toxic/Safety
LyondellBasell La Porte 醋酸装置柱塞阀压力保持件误拆致命泄漏
Root cause: 阀门设计未防人误拆（同类事故重复发生）；无拆卸程序与培训；承包商与公司均未识别风险
Official source ↗
阀体腐蚀RPN 54 · High
Failure Mechanism
环境/介质腐蚀减薄
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 70% ；Interval by RBI
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 壁厚 UT 普查
  • 涂层维护
RCM Strategy
CBMOn-Condition Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2010-06-I-GOMcsb2010Fatalities 11 · Injuries 17 · Safety/Environmental
Macondo / Deepwater Horizon Blowout
Root cause: Blowout-preventer valve sticking + cement plug failure + missing well-integrity verification.
Official source ↗
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 30 · Safety/Environmental
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
Root cause: 阀门维护中承压部件被误拆，隔离与作业程序不足导致甲醇大量释放；2 死 30 伤
Official source ↗
NUREG-LER-2012-001NUREG2012Operational
Shearon Harris 1 号机 主蒸汽隔离阀活塞环腐蚀致关闭延迟
Root cause: 阀门活塞环意外长期腐蚀；MSIV 未正确纳入气动阀计划；未识别阀门劣化机会
Official source ↗
起跳颤动RPN 54 · High
Failure Mechanism
背压/入口压降不匹配
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 70% ；Interval by RBI
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 背压核算
  • 入口管线压降校核
RCM Strategy
CBMOn-Condition Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2010-06-I-GOMcsb2010Fatalities 11 · Injuries 17 · Safety/Environmental
Macondo / Deepwater Horizon Blowout
Root cause: Blowout-preventer valve sticking + cement plug failure + missing well-integrity verification.
Official source ↗
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 30 · Safety/Environmental
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
Root cause: 阀门维护中承压部件被误拆，隔离与作业程序不足导致甲醇大量释放；2 死 30 伤
Official source ↗
2021-07-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 2 · Toxic/Safety
LyondellBasell La Porte 醋酸装置柱塞阀压力保持件误拆致命泄漏
Root cause: 阀门设计未防人误拆（同类事故重复发生）；无拆卸程序与培训；承包商与公司均未识别风险
Official source ↗
拒动（超压不开启）RPN 54 · Critical
Failure Mechanism
卡涩/整定漂移/堵塞
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 80% ；Interval by RBI
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 在线/离线起跳试验
  • RBI 高风险管控
RCM Strategy
CBMOn-Condition Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2010-06-I-GOMcsb2010Fatalities 11 · Injuries 17 · Safety/Environmental
Macondo / Deepwater Horizon Blowout
Root cause: Blowout-preventer valve sticking + cement plug failure + missing well-integrity verification.
Official source ↗
CSB-EXXON-TORRANCE-2017CSB2017Injuries 2 · Explosion/Environmental
ExxonMobil Torrance 炼厂爆炸
Root cause: FCC 单元隔离维修时烃倒流入 ESP 并点燃，安全关键滑阀降级（同 csb_extra 同设施早期事件溯源）
Official source ↗
CSB-PEMEX-DEERPARK-2024csb2024Safety/Environmental
PEMEX Deer Park 胺回收单元硫化氢泄漏
Root cause: 隔离/泄压作业程序缺陷；高风险作业（打开含 H2S 系统）前气体检测与通风不足；PSM 执行薄弱
Official source ↗
回座失效（持续泄漏）RPN 54 · High
Failure Mechanism
阀座损伤/异物卡阻
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 70% ；Interval by RBI
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 回座检查
  • 阀座研磨
RCM Strategy
CBMOn-Condition Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 30 · Safety/Environmental
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
Root cause: 阀门维护中承压部件被误拆，隔离与作业程序不足导致甲醇大量释放；2 死 30 伤
Official source ↗
CSB-PEMEX-DEERPARK-2024csb2024Safety/Environmental
PEMEX Deer Park 胺回收单元硫化氢泄漏
Root cause: 隔离/泄压作业程序缺陷；高风险作业（打开含 H2S 系统）前气体检测与通风不足；PSM 执行薄弱
Official source ↗
NUREG-LER-2022-001NUREG2022Operational
Susquehanna 1 号机 主蒸汽隔离阀阀座磨损泄漏
Root cause: 阀座密封面磨损与材料沉积物致内漏；未能识别阀门劣化趋势
Official source ↗
选型过小排量不足RPN 48 · Critical
Failure Mechanism
工艺变更未重算
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 75% ；Interval by RBI
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 泄放量重算
  • HAZOP 回顾
RCM Strategy
RTFDesign Modification / Inspection Task
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2010-06-I-GOMcsb2010Fatalities 11 · Injuries 17 · Safety/Environmental
Macondo / Deepwater Horizon Blowout
Root cause: Blowout-preventer valve sticking + cement plug failure + missing well-integrity verification.
Official source ↗
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 30 · Safety/Environmental
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
Root cause: 阀门维护中承压部件被误拆，隔离与作业程序不足导致甲醇大量释放；2 死 30 伤
Official source ↗
2021-07-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 2 · Toxic/Safety
LyondellBasell La Porte 醋酸装置柱塞阀压力保持件误拆致命泄漏
Root cause: 阀门设计未防人误拆（同类事故重复发生）；无拆卸程序与培训；承包商与公司均未识别风险
Official source ↗
波纹管失效RPN 42 · High
Failure Mechanism
波纹管疲劳或腐蚀穿孔
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 70% ；Interval by RBI
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 波纹管氦检漏
  • 背压监测
RCM Strategy
CBMOn-Condition Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2010-06-I-GOMcsb2010Fatalities 11 · Injuries 17 · Safety/Environmental
Macondo / Deepwater Horizon Blowout
Root cause: Blowout-preventer valve sticking + cement plug failure + missing well-integrity verification.
Official source ↗
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 30 · Safety/Environmental
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
Root cause: 阀门维护中承压部件被误拆，隔离与作业程序不足导致甲醇大量释放；2 死 30 伤
Official source ↗
NUREG-LER-2012-001NUREG2012Operational
Shearon Harris 1 号机 主蒸汽隔离阀活塞环腐蚀致关闭延迟
Root cause: 阀门活塞环意外长期腐蚀；MSIV 未正确纳入气动阀计划；未识别阀门劣化机会
Official source ↗
整定压力错误RPN 42 · High
Failure Mechanism
装配/校验错误
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 70% ；Interval by RBI
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 整定校验台复核
  • 设计值比对
RCM Strategy
PMScheduled (Proactive) Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2010-06-I-GOMcsb2010Fatalities 11 · Injuries 17 · Safety/Environmental
Macondo / Deepwater Horizon Blowout
Root cause: Blowout-preventer valve sticking + cement plug failure + missing well-integrity verification.
Official source ↗
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 30 · Safety/Environmental
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
Root cause: 阀门维护中承压部件被误拆，隔离与作业程序不足导致甲醇大量释放；2 死 30 伤
Official source ↗
2021-07-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 2 · Toxic/Safety
LyondellBasell La Porte 醋酸装置柱塞阀压力保持件误拆致命泄漏
Root cause: 阀门设计未防人误拆（同类事故重复发生）；无拆卸程序与培训；承包商与公司均未识别风险
Official source ↗
异物堵塞RPN 42 · High
Failure Mechanism
检修遗留或介质带入异物
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 70% ；Interval by RBI
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 上游过滤器
  • 解体检查
RCM Strategy
CBMOn-Condition Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2010-06-I-GOMcsb2010Fatalities 11 · Injuries 17 · Safety/Environmental
Macondo / Deepwater Horizon Blowout
Root cause: Blowout-preventer valve sticking + cement plug failure + missing well-integrity verification.
Official source ↗
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 30 · Safety/Environmental
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
Root cause: 阀门维护中承压部件被误拆，隔离与作业程序不足导致甲醇大量释放；2 死 30 伤
Official source ↗
2021-07-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 2 · Toxic/Safety
LyondellBasell La Porte 醋酸装置柱塞阀压力保持件误拆致命泄漏
Root cause: 阀门设计未防人误拆（同类事故重复发生）；无拆卸程序与培训；承包商与公司均未识别风险
Official source ↗
喉部冲蚀RPN 36 · High
Failure Mechanism
两相流/固含量冲蚀
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 70% ；Interval by RBI
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 喉部壁厚 UT
  • 排放流速核算
RCM Strategy
CBMOn-Condition Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2010-06-I-GOMcsb2010Fatalities 11 · Injuries 17 · Safety/Environmental
Macondo / Deepwater Horizon Blowout
Root cause: Blowout-preventer valve sticking + cement plug failure + missing well-integrity verification.
Official source ↗
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 30 · Safety/Environmental
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
Root cause: 阀门维护中承压部件被误拆，隔离与作业程序不足导致甲醇大量释放；2 死 30 伤
Official source ↗
2021-07-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 2 · Toxic/Safety
LyondellBasell La Porte 醋酸装置柱塞阀压力保持件误拆致命泄漏
Root cause: 阀门设计未防人误拆（同类事故重复发生）；无拆卸程序与培训；承包商与公司均未识别风险
Official source ↗
热黏结（聚合物）RPN 36 · High
Failure Mechanism
高温聚合介质黏结运动件
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 70% ；Interval by RBI
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 运动件清洁
  • 温度控制
RCM Strategy
CBMOn-Condition Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2010-06-I-GOMcsb2010Fatalities 11 · Injuries 17 · Safety/Environmental
Macondo / Deepwater Horizon Blowout
Root cause: Blowout-preventer valve sticking + cement plug failure + missing well-integrity verification.
Official source ↗
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 30 · Safety/Environmental
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
Root cause: 阀门维护中承压部件被误拆，隔离与作业程序不足导致甲醇大量释放；2 死 30 伤
Official source ↗
HSE-POLYMERISATION-1992HSE1992Operational
1992 聚合反应失控（反应器＋搅拌密封 O 环吹出释放）
Root cause: 反应器泄放系统不能处理共聚放热；搅拌密封压力低于爆破片；无快速淬水；误操作使物料返流通过失效止回阀
Official source ↗
入口管线堵塞RPN 36 · High
Failure Mechanism
结垢/冻结/异物
How to Detect
Inspection/offline · Detection rate 70% ；Interval by RBI
Mitigation (What to Do)
  • 入口压降监测
  • 管线吹扫
RCM Strategy
CBMOn-Condition Maintenance
Interval: High risk 1-3 mo / Medium 6-12 mo / Low risk at turnaround (by API 581 RBI risk ranking)
Engineering-inferred (not measured history); confirm with equipment owner before execution
Standards (13)
  • API 520
  • API 521
  • API 526
  • API 510 — Pressure Vessel Inspection Code
  • API 570 — Piping Inspection Code
  • API 574
  • ASME VIII
  • GB/T 20801
  • API 581 — Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
  • ISO 14224:2016 — Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability and maintenance data for equipment
  • API 580 — Risk-Based Inspection
  • GB/T 7826-2012
  • SAE JA1011_202411 — Evaluation Criteria for Reliability-Centered Maintenance Processes
Lessons Learned (3)
2010-06-I-GOMcsb2010Fatalities 11 · Injuries 17 · Safety/Environmental
Macondo / Deepwater Horizon Blowout
Root cause: Blowout-preventer valve sticking + cement plug failure + missing well-integrity verification.
Official source ↗
2021-05-I-TXcsb2021Fatalities 2 · Injuries 30 · Safety/Environmental
LyondellBasell La Porte 控制阀误拆甲醇释放（拉波特）
Root cause: 阀门维护中承压部件被误拆，隔离与作业程序不足导致甲醇大量释放；2 死 30 伤
Official source ↗
HSE-FEYZIN-1966HSE1966Fatalities 18 · Injuries 81 · Fire/Explosion
Feyzin 炼油厂丙烷球罐排水阀冻裂泄漏爆炸（1966，18 死）
Root cause: 排水系统设计差需手动、无保温伴热防冰；报警延迟；消防策略不当；缺乏 LPG 火灾经验
Official source ↗